Washington: The United States Trade Representative has commenced enforcing tariffs on goods from 60 global economies following investigations under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974. These investigations, initiated on March 12, 2026, assessed the failure of these economies to prohibit or effectively enforce prohibitions on importing goods produced with forced labor. The Trade Representative determined these failures to be unreasonable and burdensome to U.S. commerce, warranting actionable measures under section 301. According to The White House, the investigations found that economies including Argentina, China, the European Union, and Vietnam, among others, have policies and practices that are actionable under section 301. Consequently, the U.S. has proposed implementing tariffs on all goods from these economies, with certain exemptions. The tariffs vary, with a 10 percent rate imposed on economies like Canada and the United Kingdom, which have partial prohibitions or commitments, and a 12.5 percent rate on others. Public hearings held in July gathered over 1,600 comments and testimonies, which informed the decision-making process. The exemptions from these tariffs include raw materials critical for U.S. supply, products that could disrupt the economy if tariffed, and those not sufficiently available from other sources. These exemptions aim to encourage compliance with forced labor prohibitions. The Trade Representative also proposed establishing tariff-rate quotas (TRQs) for textile and apparel imports from economies like Bangladesh and Malaysia, targeting a reduction in reliance on forced labor inputs. While the TRQs are not immediately feasible, they are expected to be established by September 1, 2026. Further consultations have led to additional economies like India and Jordan imposing or committing to prohibitions against forced labor imports, which affects the tariff rates applied to them. The memorandum details the tariff structures and exemptions, ensuring that measures are effective in eliminating the identified harmful acts. The directives also include potential modifications or terminations of tariffs or exemptions based on further developments. The U.S. aims to maintain these actions until the intended elimination of the practices deemed actionable under section 301 is achieved.